Wehewehe Wikiwiki Hawaiian language dictionaries

v. To see often; to be well acquainted with, as with a person often seen; to know well.

2. To do frequently; to know certainly by frequent intelligence; aole paha kakou i kuluma ia ia, akahi no a ike, we are not well acquainted with him, we have seen him but once; aole kakou i kuluma i ka ike ana, we are not perfect in knowledge. NOTE. Kuluma is opposite to kulina, partially deaf.

1. vt., To smash, crush, pound, dash to pieces, flatten, throw; worn-out, driven to death, as an abused horse.

• Related:
  • hoʻopākī Caus/sim.; To smash, etc.
• References:
  • Cf. pākī ʻai, pākī lio.

2. vs., Numerous, overplentiful, surfeit, so many of a thing that it is sold cheaply; well-equipped, abundant, well-supplied, well cared for.

• Examples:
  • Pākī ka hahalalū i ka mākeke, the hahalalū [fish] were so numerous that they were sold cheaply in the market.
• Related:
  • hoʻopākī Caus/sim.; To act as though one has plenty, to show off, as by spending in a flashy way.

nvs., Supply, provisions, gear, fixtures, plenty; wealth; well-supplied, well-furnished, well-equipped; rich, prosperous.

• Related:
  • hoʻolako Caus/sim.; To supply, equip, provide, furnish, enrich.
• References:
  • PCP lato .

1. nvi., Recovered from sickness; well, after sickness; to get well, convalesce; filling out, as after loss of weight; sprouting, as a bud.

• Examples:
  • Polapola iki, a little better.
• Related:
  • hoʻopolapola Caus/sim.; To cure, make get well; to fill out, as after sickness.

2. (Cap.) nvs., Tahiti, Borabora; Tahitian.

• Related:
  • ʻŌlelo Polapola, Tahitian language.
• References:
  • PCP Polapola.

3. Same as hēʻī, the Tahitian banana.

4. Reduplication of pola #1; flapping.

• Examples:
  • Lālau koke aʻela i ka lauʻī, ʻawapuhi, kīhae ihola a polapola ihola ma ka ʻāʻī (Kep. 95), quickly grabbing ti leaves, ginger, tearing and flapping them about the neck.

5. (Cap.) n., Star name, paired with the star Melemele.

1. vs., Well-off, comfortably situated, rich, wealthy, well-to-do, well-supplied.

• Related:
  • hoʻokūonoʻono Caus/sim.; To prosper.
    • ʻĀina hoʻokūʻonoʻono, homestead land.
    • Poʻe hoʻokūʻonoʻono, homesteaders.

2. Reduplication of kūʻono #2.

• References:
  • Kel. 76.

1. nvs., A common and broadly used loaʻa-type word (Gram. 4.4); many meanings depend on qualifying words. Firm, solid, tight, solidified, adhering, durable, fast, fixed, stuck, secure, closed, jelled, congealed, frozen, hard, sound (as wood), busy, occupied, engaged, definite, steadfast, permanent; finished, completed, whole, complete, learned, memorized, mastered, retained, kept permanently; stubborn, determined, constipated, solid or fast, as colors; sturdy, as cloth, furniture; strong and vigorous; versed in, learned in; one who holds, a bearer; to hold, bear, keep, detain, withhold; a solid, as in geometry; to wear well, as clothes; to look well or not show age, of a person.

• Examples:
  • Mea paʻa ipu hao, a pot holder.
  • ʻAila paʻa, thick grease.
  • Paʻa ā paʻa, held fast.
  • Paʻa i ka ʻole, to deny persistently.
  • Paʻa mele, one versed in songs.
  • Paʻa maila ʻo uka i nā kānaka (FS 71), the shore was packed solid with people.
  • Paʻa ka wai ā lilo i hau, water solidified into ice.
  • Paʻa ʻoia ma ka pono, he is steadfast in righteousness.
  • Paʻa ka manaʻo, determined in thought; to have made up one's mind.
  • Ua paʻa kaʻu haʻawina, my lesson is learned.
  • Mea paʻa molaki, mortgagee.
  • Paʻa ka hale hou, the new house is finished.
  • Hana paʻa, steady work.
  • Uku paʻa, fixed salary.
  • Noho paʻa, permanent residence.
  • Paʻa i ka ʻūkele, stuck in the mud.
  • Kanu paʻa, to bury whole, as a body.
  • Paʻa ke kelepona, the telephone line is busy.
  • Paʻa i ka hana, very busy working.
  • Paʻa ka puka, the door is closed.
  • Mai paʻa ʻoe iaʻu, don't detain me.
  • E paʻa ā paʻa ʻolua i ke kaula, hold fast to the rope.
  • Hoʻonoho ihola lākou iāia ma kahi paʻa (Nah. 15.34), they put him in custody.
  • Ua paʻa iāia ka waha o ka poʻe Sadukaio (Mat. 22.34), he had silenced the mouths of the Sadducees.
  • Paʻa mai me ona lole ʻauʻau, bring some bathing suits too.
  • Mai paʻa i ka leo, he ʻole ka hea mai (hula password), do not withhold the voice, or refuse to call to us [said by one wishing permission to enter a hula].
  • I paʻa ke kino i ka lāʻau, that the body be strengthened by medicine.
  • Nā lole i paʻa mua, ready-made clothes.
  • E loaʻa ai ke anapaʻa o nā paʻa, obtaining the cubic content of a solid.
• Related:
  • hoʻopaʻa Caus/sim.; To make fast, firm, hard, tight, solid; to bind, attach, moor, snub, hold fast to, hold back, keep, restrain, confine, detain, withhold, reserve, close, catch; to learn, memorize, master, study, complete, fix; to record, as music; to plug or seal, as a hole; to subscribe, as to a newspaper; to order, reserve, register; to insist on, persist; to insure; to bolt, as a door; to muzzle (Kanl. 25.4); drummer and hula chanter (the memorizer); insurance.
    • Cf. hoʻopaʻa haʻawina, mea hoʻopaʻa, ʻōlelo hoʻopaʻa.
    • Hoʻopaʻa kuleana, to copyright, establish ownership.
    • Hoʻopaʻa aʻo hana, apprentice.
    • Hoʻopaʻa inoa, to register, enroll.
    • Hoʻopaʻa i ka hau, to freeze (i.e., ice solidifies).
    • I hoʻopaʻa mai iā lākou iho (Nak. 27), to bind themselves [as under contract to a chief].
    • Hoʻopaʻa hao, to weld.
    • Hoʻopaʻa leho, to get calluses from work.
    • Hoʻopaʻa manawa, to make an appointment.
    • Hoʻopaʻa ola, life insurance.
    • Uku hoʻopaʻa, insurance premium.
    • Leka i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, registered letter.
    • Hoʻopaʻa ihola lāua ā ʻelua i berita (Kin. 21.27), the two together sealed a covenant.
    • Mea hoʻopaʻa, stopper.
    • Hoʻopaʻa moʻolelo, to keep the minutes; to record a story.
    • Ua hoʻopaʻa au i mau noho no māua i ka ʻaha mele, I reserved some seats for us at the concert.
    • Hoʻopaʻa i kāna ʻae, holding back his consent.
• References:
  • See paʻa kāhili.

2. n., Pair, couple; couplet.

• References:
  • Cf. paʻa kāmaʻa, paʻa lio, paʻa male.

3. n., Suit of clothes.

• Related:
  • Nā paʻa kapa (Lunk. 14.12), garments.

4. n., Stratum, foundation, especially paʻailalo, earth, and paʻailuna, heavens.

5. n., Extremity, border.

6. n., Type of sweet potato, pronunciation not certain.

• References:
  • For. 5:664–5.

1. vs., Neat, tidy, in order, arranged, cared for, attended to, administered.

• Related:
  • hoʻoponopono Caus/sim.
    • a. To put to rights; to put in order or shape, correct, revise, adjust, amend, regulate, arrange, rectify, tidy up, make orderly or neat, administer, superintend, supervise, manage, edit, work carefully and neatly; to make ready, as canoemen preparing to catch a wave (For. 5:127). Cf. luna hoʻoponopono, mea hoʻoponopono. Hoʻoponopono ʻole, slovenly untidy, disorderly, careless, thoughtless, uninhibited, blunt, reckless. Hoʻoponopono hou, to revise, reorganize, re-edit. Noho hoʻoponopono ʻole, sitting in a careless or indecent way. Kāna hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ʻāina (Laie 495), his apportioning of the land [on becoming chief]. Ka hoʻoponopono waiwai ʻana (For. 5:129), the financial arrangements, adjustments. Hoʻoponopono waiwai, administrator or executor of an estate; to administer an estate. Hale hoʻoponopono, administration building. Ka hoʻoponopono ʻana, regulation. Kānāwai hoʻoponopono ʻia, revised law.
    • b. Mental cleansing: family conferences in which relationships were set right (hoʻoponopono) through prayer, discussion, confession, repentance, and mutual restitution and forgiveness (Na_na_ 60).

2. Reduplication of pono #1.

3. vs., Comfortably well off, wealthy.

• Examples:
  • Ponopono ka nohona, comfortably well-to-do.

1. nvt., Work, labor, job, employment, occupation, duty, office, activity, function, practice, procedure, process, deal, incident, reason, action, act, deed, task, service, behavior; to work, labor, do, behave, commit, make, manufacture, create, transact, perform, prepare, happen; to develop, as a picture; to have a love affair (FS 115); to induce by sorcery; to handle (as a court case); to conduct (as a class). (Translated by many English words, but seldom by ‘work’.)

• Examples:
  • Hana ʻia, made, completed, wrought.
  • Ka haʻi ʻana i ka hana aku, active voice.
  • Poʻe hana, workers, employees.
  • Maikaʻi ka hana, well done.
  • Hana ā maikaʻi, fix.
  • Ka haʻi ʻana i ka hana ʻia mai, passive verb.
  • I … hana, when; as; while; at the time that.
  • I hele aku kona hana, ua lilo ka pāpale, when he went, the hat was gone.
  • Mea hana, tool; task; offering to ʻaumākua gods.
  • Ke hana mai ʻo Pele i kāna hana, when Pele does her work.
  • Ka hana ia a ka loea, ʻo ke akamai paheʻe ʻulu (chant), that is the way an expert does, smart in bowling.
  • ʻO ka hana, ua hana ʻia.
  • the work has been done [a completed task].
  • Hana maikaʻi i ka ʻāina, clear the soil well.
  • ʻAʻohe kona he maʻi maoli, he maʻi hana ʻia, his is not a natural sickness, it is induced by sorcery.
  • Hana ʻia maila ka wai ā ʻono (Puk. 15.25), the waters were made sweet.
• Related:
  • hoʻohana Caus/sim.; To use, employ, cause to work, carry out, administer, manage, encourage; use, employment, management, administration.
    • Luna hoʻohana, manager, administrative head.
    • Noho hoʻohana, to act or serve as manager.
    • Nā mea hoʻohana, tools, implements, or anything to work with.
• References:
  • Cf. hana wale, Puk. 12.47, and many examples below.
  • PNP sanga ; cf. Fijian.

2. vs., Worthless; provoked.

• Examples:
  • ʻAi mai nei hana kanaka a waiho mai nei i nā pā naʻu e holoi. This worthless person ate and left the dishes for me to wash.
• Related:
  • hoʻohana Caus/sim.; To tease, provoke, nag, plague; one who teases or provokes.
• References:
  • Cf. hana wale.

3. Same as kilohana, a tapa.

4. Same as hahana, warm.

• Rare
• References:
  • Cf. hanahana, kōhanahana, mahana, pumehana.
  • PPN fana .

5. n., Notch, as in a tree.

• References:
  • PPN kausanga .

vi., To be well supplied with comforts and necessities.

• Examples:
  • He nohona ʻaeʻoia, a well-supplied way of life.
  • Ua ʻaeʻoia aʻela ka ʻohana, the family has all it needs.

n., Bowl, calabash, circular vessel, as of wood or gourd.

• Examples:
  • ʻUmeke kāʻeo, a well-filled calabash [a well-filled mind].
  • ʻUmeke pala ʻole, calabash without a dab [empty bowl, empty mind].
• Related:
  • hoʻoʻumeke, hōʻumeke Caus/sim.; To assume the shape of a bowl; to assume the shape of fruit, to bear fruit. Figuratively, to hav enough to eat.
    • E pua ana ka ʻōhiʻa ʻai a hōʻumeke i ka malama o Hinaiaʻeleʻele (Kep. 93), the mountain apple blooms and fruits form in the month of Hinaiaʻeleʻele.
• References:
  • PPN kumete .

1. vs. Well-kept, well-nursed. Rare.

2. (Cap.) n. Rain associated with Kaha-luʻu, Oʻahu (Elbert and Mahoe 61); also a wind name.

[Hoo and kuonoono, well furnished.]

1. To be supplied; to have sufficiency.

2. To be quiet; to remain quiet a long time; to be well established.

3. To put in order; to keep in order.

4. To accumulate means or resources by industry.

n., Well, cistern (Isa. 36.16), pool, pond, reservoir.

• Related:
  • Luawai aniani, luawai pipiʻi, artesian well.
  • Luawai pelapela, cesspool.

vt., Familiar with; well acquainted.

• Examples:
  • Ua kupa ā kamaʻalua i ke alo o nā haku, well acquainted with and thoroughly accustomed to the presence of the chiefs.

1. v., See miko. To be tasteful, as well seasoned food; to relish well, as food.

2. To be pungent or bitter to the taste; e mulemule.

3. To be pleasant; to be instructive; to be entertaining in conversation.

4. To be pleased or satisfied with the arrangement of an affair. Laieik. 40.

[Miko, to be salty.]

1. v., To be tasteful, as well-seasoned food; to relish well, as food.

2. v., To be pungent or bitter to the taste.

3. v., To be pleasant; to be instructive; to be entertaining in conversation; piquant in language.

4. v., To be pleased or satisfied with the arrangement of an affair. (Laieik. P. 40.)

vs. To grow well; progressive, thriving, successful, Rare. hoʻo.ulu pono Caus/sim. to make grow well, thrive.

Reduplication of malihini; not well acquainted, somewhat unaccustomed to or unfamiliar with.

• Examples:
  • Mamalihini au i kēia hana, I'm not too well acquainted with this work.
• References:
  • See ex., polepole #2.

vs. Well-suited, well-matched; close-fitting, as clothes; to refer exactly or concisely. Manaʻo pili pono, literal meaning. Ā ua pili pono nā ʻōlelo e like me ka mea hiki, and as concise in language as possible.

n., Well water, well. Literally, dug water.

adj. Full; well fed; well proportioned throughout; full fleshed.

Full; well fed; well proportioned throughout; full fleshed.

hehele, To sleep well. E hiamoe pono ʻoe. Good night; sleep well. Also e hiamoe maikaʻi ʻoe; a hui hou i kakahiaka.

Star cactus (Aloe barbadensis; A. vera). A well-known plant in Hawaiʻi. With their stiffness and radial symmetry they fit well into rock gardens, enjoying direct sunlight. A few species yield the commercial “aloes;” a resinous purgative. Aloine is the coloring agent of the dye. (NEAL 196.) Introduced.

Intensive of hoʻi #5 (often written as two words).

• Examples:
  • E hele hoʻihā kāua, well, let's go then.
  • Maikaʻi hoʻihā, very good indeed.
  • I Hawaiʻi hoʻihā me Pele e noho ai (FS 239), then stay at Hawaiʻi with Pele.
• References:
  • Gram. 7.5.

adj., Young; strong; well proportioned; applied to young and vigorous men. Rut. 2:9.

adj., Young; strong; well proportioned; applied to young and vigorous men and women.

1. vs. Straight, of hair.

2. n. Masseur, masseuse. (These services were usually performed by one of the opposite sex.) Rare.

3. n. Ne'er-do-well, vagabond, one who could not support a wife and hence did not marry. (Malo 201.)

4. vi. To change, as the voice. Rare. Cf. lole, to unfold.

adj., Well mixed; applied to poi.

adv. and conj., Besides; as well; moreover; also: O ka ia kahi na ke akua; the fish also for the god.

s. Love; affection, &c.; the root of the word aloha.

2. A plant or branch of a tree growing thriftily.

3. The trimming to the corners and ridge of a thatched house.

4. The art of thatching well.

5. An under head man.

6. A kind of sport of former times, the same as kilu; e haele kakou i ka hale loha o Mea.

1. Love; affection, etc.; the root of the word aloha.

2. The trimming to the corners and ridge of a thatched house.

3. The art of thatching well.

4. A subordinate; an inferior person; under head man.

5. An ancient game, also called kilu.

adj. Comminuted; small or fine, as dust; fine, as poi well pounded; he poi aeae, he poi uouo, he wali.

2. Dark, obscure, as a vision, indistinctly seen; po aeae, a night of indistinct vision, not totally dark, i. e., light and darkness mixed.

Comminuted; small or fine, as dust; fine, as poi well pounded: he poi aeae, he uouo, he wali.

1. vt., interjection, Yes; to say yes, consent, conform, grant, agree, approve, let, confirm, admit, permit, allow, accept, yield; approval, admission, permission.

• Examples:
  • ʻAe waha, oral agreement.
  • ʻAe wale, to agree easily; pliable.
  • Ua ʻae mai ʻoia i koʻu hele, he consented to my going.
• References:
  • Cf. aʻe nei.
  • PCP ʻ.a(a)e.

2. n., Sap wrung from seaweed or leaves of plants such as taro; liquid remaining after dregs have settled, as of pia, arrowroot starch; saliva, drooling of the mouth.

• Examples:
  • ʻAe limu, juice remaining on the pounding board after seaweed (limu) is pounded; mixed with salt it is used to flavor sauce for ʻōʻio or other fish.
  • Kahe ka ʻae o ka waha, mouth saliva flows [mouth waters; fig., to desire avidly].

3. vs., Fine, mashed, comminuted, as dust or powder; silky soft, as down; smooth, as well-mixed poi or bread dough.

• Examples:
  • ʻAe kī, fine portions of ti root baked in the oven; to break ti root so cooked into fine bits.
  • ʻAe moa, downy chicken feathers.
  • hō.ʻae To make fine, pulverize, refine, soften.
  • He ahi ʻā nopu hōʻae, a hot glowing fire that pulverizes.

4. vi., To rise, of the tide.

• Related:
  • hōʻae Caus/sim.

5. n., A native fern (Polypodium pellucidum) commonly seen at Kīlauea Volcano. It has oblong fronds 15 to 40 cm long, once divided into about fifteen or more pairs of oblong segments, each of which bears many round fruit dots.

• References:
  • Neal 25.
  • Cf. ʻae lau nui.

6. Same as ʻaʻae.

7. n., Shoots from main root portion of the wauke plant.

• References:
  • See ohi #3.

8. See ʻae kai, water's edge.

1. vs., Well salted.

• Figuratively, seasoned with wisdom.

2. n., Depth of tone; deep tone or sound, of the human voice.

1. nvt., Attack or beginning of a song; in music, the tonic or keynote; to begin a song; summary refrain, as of a song, usually at or near the beginning of a song; theme of a song.

• Examples:
  • Ka puana a ka moe, revelation or message of a dream.
  • Haʻina ʻia mai ana ka puana, tell the summary refrain [this line followed by the refrain is at the end of many songs or precedes the name of the person in whose honor the song was composed].
  • Puana ʻia (Kel. 111), sung for the first time.
  • E puana mai ʻoe i ka puana, start the summary refrain of the song.
• References:
  • See ex., pō #1.

2. n., Pronunciation, utterance.

• Examples:
  • E hoʻopuka pololei ana ka haumāna i ka puana pololei o ia mau hua pīʻāpā, the student was saying the pronunciation of the letters of the alphabet well.

3. vt., To surround, encompass, crowd.

• Examples:
  • ʻO ka puana ʻana aku i kēlā ulu lehua, crowding about that lehua grove.
  • Ā puana maila lākou iāia ā puni (2 Oihn 18.31), they completely surrounded him.

1. s., A door-way; a gate-way; an entrance; a hole; puka o ke kui, puka o ke kuikele, the eye of a needle; puka lou, a loop hole. Puk. 25:5. Any place of entrance or egress; puka pepeiao, the ear; i hoakakaia’ku ma ka puka o ko oukou mau pepeiao. NOTE.—Puka as a noun takes various forms, as puka, aipuka, ipuka, upuka and kanipuka, all which see.

2. The art of making spears, ropes, &c., that appear well but really are good for nothing and vice versa.

3. A curious art; a trick; the practice of legerdemain; hoopiopio.

1. n., A doorway; a gateway; an entrance; a hole; any place of entrance or egress; puka o ke kui, puka o ke kuikele, the eye of a needle; puka lou, a loop hole; puka pepeiao, the ear; i hoakakaia 'ku ma ka puka o ko oukou mau pepeiao. (Puka as a noun takes various forms: aipuka, ipuka, upuka and amipuka.)

2. n., The art of making spears, ropes, etc., that appear well but really are good for nothing and vice versa

3. n., A trap or snare used in the practice of legerdemain.

4. n., A winning or profit. Syn: Hoopiopio.

v. To surround as water does an island.

2. To inclose; to be hemmed in, as one person by multitudes.

3. To surround, i. e., to get round one by deceit; to prevail over; to get the better of.

4. To be surrounded; to be deceived; to be insnared; to be taken.

5. To go around; to encircle; hence,

6. To finish; to complete; to terminate.

7. To close, as an appointed period of time; as the end of the year. 1 Nal. 20:22. To finish the period of gestation. 1 Sam. 4:19.

8. To gain possession of; hee o Kalanikupule ia Kamehameha, a puni Oahu a me Molokai, a me Lanai a me Maui a me Kahoolawe, Kalanikupule fled before Kamehameha, and he came in possession of Oahu and Molokai and Lanai and Maui and Kahoolawe.

9. To covet; to desire greatly. See Note below.

10. To be addicted to; to be influenced by, as pleasure or gain; ua puni na ’lii ame na kanaka i na hana ino loa, the chiefs and people were addicted to very evil practices.

11. Hoo. To give false testimony; to deceive.

12. To surround for protection. Iob. 1:10. NOTE.—Puni is connected with many other words and signifies, influenced, led by, or addicted to, as well as deceived; puni lealea, addicted to pleasure; puni waiwai, greedy of property; puni hula, given to the practice of the hula, &c.

1. v., To open, as a door; to open, as the dawn or advance of light in the morning; a wehe ae la ke alaula o ke ao, pau ka pouli.

2. To uncover what is covered up; to uncover, as the head. Oihk. 10:6. To uncover for illicit purposes. Oihk. 18:6, 7.

3. To strip off the clothes from one.

4. To open, as the eyes. FIG. To open, as the heart.

5. To open, as a well or cave. Ios. 10:22.

6. To open, as a book; to unfold, as a scroll. Neh. 8:5.

7. To loosen; to untie, as a string or rope.

8. To disregard or disbelieve one’s word.

9. To reject a favor. NOTE.—The passive is sometimes written wehea instead of weheia.

1. adv., Soon; by and by; hereafter. E ua auanei, ke opiopi mai nei ke ao.

2. adv., Now; at the present time. E aloha auanei, fare thee well at present.

1. vt., To remove the dregs, such as fibers, from herbs used for medicine; to strain.

2. vt., To criticize constructively, as chanting; to look for flaws in order to perfect; to teach, correct.

3. n., Raindrops, patter of rain, especially of big drops.

• Examples:
  • ʻO ka ua paka kahi, paka lua, pakapaka ua, paka ua, kūlokuloku (chant for Kua-kini), the rain falling in single drops, in double drops, the many drops, raindrops, rain in streams.
  • Hana ka uluna i ka paka o ka ua, work the pillow during the dropping of rain [i.e., might as well rest when it's raining].
• References:
  • PCP pata.

4. Same as kākala, cartilage.

5. n., Kaʻū name for ʻōpakapaka, a fish.

6. n., Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum 🌐), a hairy annual herb from tropical America, which may grow nearly 2 m high, introduced to Hawaiʻi in about 1812. It was tried out unsuccessfully from 1908 to 1929 as a possible industry. Plants are now growing both wild and cultivated. Wild tobacco (Nicotiana glauca 🌐).

• References:
  • Neal 751-752.

7. n., Butter (usually follows waiū).

• Source:
  • English.

8. n., Curds.

• Source:
  • English.
• Related:
  • Also: bata.
• References:
  • Kin. 18.8, KJV.

9. n., Bugger.

• Source:
  • English.

1. adj., Raw in opposition to cooked, as raw, uncooked flesh.

2. Fresh, as fresh provisions in distinction from salted.

3. White as a potato well cooked and dry; moa a maka.

1. n., The sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas 🌐), a perennial, wide-spreading vine, with heart-shaped, angled, or lobed leaves and pinkish-lavender flowers. The tuberous roots are a valuable food, and they vary greatly in many ways, as in color and shape. Though of South American origin, the plant has been a staple food since ancient times in many parts of Polynesia, as well as in some other regions.

• Related:
  • Also: ʻuwala.
• References:
  • HP 131–66, Neal 706–7.
  • PEP kumala; cognates elsewhere in Polynesia may be borrowings from PEP.

2. n., A variety of sugar cane, a yellow mutant of ʻakoki with large stalks; often called pilimai and similar to it but stronger.

• References:
  • HP 221, 225.

3. See uhi ʻuala, a variety of yam (Dioscorea alata 🌐).

4. n., Large muscles of the upper arm, biceps, brachii.

5. n., A kind of cowry shell (no data).

This letter is prefixed to nouns, both common and proper, as well as to pronouns, to render them emphatic or definite. This o should be carefully distinguished from o the preposition. It may be called the o emphatic. It is used in particularizing one or more persons or things from others. The o emphatic stands only before the auikumu or nominative case. Gram. § 53.

1. nvi. Fiery, burning; fire; to burn, blaze. Figuratively, to glitter or sparkle, as a gem; to burn, as with jealousy or anger.

• Examples:
  • ʻĀ akaaka, to shine brightly, as stars.
  • ʻĀ ke kaimana, the diamond sparkles.
• Related:
  • hoʻā Caus/sim.; To set on fire, burn, ignite; to light, as a lamp. Figuratively, to incite, arouse.
    • Ua hoʻā ʻia kona inaina, his anger was aroused.
    • Hoʻā imu, to light an oven; one who lights an oven.
• References:
  • PPN kakaha, PNP kaa.

2. nvi. Aa lava, or lava rock, as distinguished from smooth unbroken pāhoehoe lava (formerly preceded by ke); to flow, as aa lava.

3. Same as ʻaʻa #1, to dare.

• Examples:
  • ʻAʻole ʻoia i ʻā e noho, he did not dare to stay.

4. n. Red-footed booby bird (Sula sula rubripes), brown booby (Sula leucogaster plotus), masked or blue-faced booby (Sula dactylatra personata); all indigenous and also breeding elsewhere.

• Legendary birds believed to have taken the shape of this bird are ʻā ʻaia, ʻā-ʻai-ʻanuhe-a-Kāne and ʻā-ʻaia-nui-nū-keu; ʻā by some were considered ʻaumākua.
• Related:
  • Also: ʻaʻa.
• References:
  • See also Kep. 33.

5. n. Young stage of damselfish (ʻāloʻiloʻi).

• Related:
  • Also: ʻaʻā.
  • ʻĀ ʻaki maunu, bait-taking ʻā [said of petty thieves; a variant phrase is ʻā ʻaki makau, hook-taking ʻā].

6. interjection, Oh! Well! Ah! Er …

• References:
  • Gram. 12.
  • PNP kaa.

7. vt. To drive, as fish or cattle.

• Related:
  • hoʻā Caus/sim.

8. n. The letter “a.”

• Source:
  • English.

1. vi. To roll, turn, twist, wallow, wind, braid, revolve; to scud or move along, as clouds; to wield, as a club; rolling, twisting, turning, sloping.

• Related:
  • Puʻu kaʻa, sloping, rolling hill.
  • Kaʻa i ka lepo, to wallow in the mud or dirt.
  • Kaʻa ka lolo, the brain spins; dizziness; perturbation; figuratively, destitution, poverty.
  • hoʻokaʻa Caus/sim.; To cause a rolling, turning.
• References:
  • See ex., pōhaku #1.
  • PPN taka .

2. n. Vehicle, carriage, wagon, automobile, car, cart, coach, buggy.

• Related:
  • Uku kaʻa, carfare, transportation charge.
  • Nui nā kaʻa, many cars, heavy traffic.

3. vi. To go past, pass by, reach; to be in a state of; to be located at; to take effect, as medicine; gone, absent, past, turned over, transferred, delivered.

• Examples:
  • Kaʻa loa lākou i waena o ka waha o ua moʻo nei (For. 5:413), they went straight into the middle of the mouth of this lizard.
  • Ua kaʻa ʻoia i ka maʻi, he is confined with illness.
  • Kaʻa iho nō ā kaʻa iho nō i ka maʻi, sick again and again.
  • Kaʻa i ka lawa, it's enough, sufficient.
  • He mau lā e kaʻa aʻe, several days gone by.
  • Kaʻa ka pilikia mahope, the trouble is gone.

4. vi. To pay; paid.

• Examples:
  • Ua kaʻa kuʻu ʻaiʻē, my debt is paid.
• Related:
  • hoʻokaʻa Caus/sim.; To pay a debt, disburse, avenge (FS 85).
    • Hoʻokaʻa hapa, partial payment.

5. vi. To manage, run, be in charge of; given, as work to a person; well versed, skilled (used very broadly to indicate custom, nature, character, habit.

• Examples:
  • Ka poʻe i kaʻa aku ka mālama ʻana i nā mea ana ua, the people charged with taking care of the rain instruments.
  • Ua kaʻa ka hana iāʻoe, the work has passed on to you.
• References:
  • See kaʻa hele, kaʻa kaua, kaʻa lolohi, kaʻa maʻi, kaʻa moena, kaʻa nema, kaʻa nemo).
  • Probably PPN taka .

6. n. Resin.

• References:
  • Cf. hūkaʻa, lāʻau-kaʻa, kēpau kaʻa.

7. vt. To wipe dry with a cloth, as dishes. Kaʻū.

8. n. Pulley.

9. See hoana kaʻa.

10. n. Tale, legend (now replaced by kaʻao).

v., To be neighborly; to be acquainted; to be well known. Akahi no a ike, aole i kuluma; we have met but once, are not acquainted.

1. vi., To step or move lightly or softly; to graze, touch; soft, light. Figuratively, to hint, suggest, act coy or flirtatious.

• Examples:
  • Hani ka helena a ka ʻaihue, soft the step of the thief.
• Related:
  • hoʻohani Caus/sim.; To touch, graze, hint.
• References:
  • Cf. māhani, makahani.

2. Same as hanahanai.

• Examples:
  • I kukupu i ka hani pali, sprouting on the cliff side.

3. vi., To know well.

• Examples:
  • Ua aʻo i nā mele a hani wale, the songs were learned perfectly.

adj. Glad; joyful; gratified; well pleased.

Glad; joyful; gratified; well pleased.

1. s., A protuberance; a swelling; a joint. Anat. 18. See PUU, s.,

2. The pimples of the itch; the knuckles; the ankle bones. Laieik. 45. 47.

3. A knot of a tree; a hillock; a fist doubled up for fighting. Laieik. 47.

4. A bunch; a handful; a knop of a lamp or candlestick. Puk. 25:31.

5. A scurvy or scabby person. Oihk. 21:20.

6. Poi not well pounded; puupuu kaua, a warlike defense on a wall. Isa. 54:12. Puupuu koko, emerods. 1 Sam. 5:9. Ka puupuu a kona maka, the eye-ball (perhaps); ua hele ka puupuu a kona maka, aole ona eu ae.

1. Just; upright, correct.

2. Well off; comfortably wealthy. Syn: Lake

1. v., To be good; to be right; to be just; to be morally upright.

2. To do good; to bless; to be for the comfort or convenience of one.

3. To be well, i. e., in bodily health.

4. Hoopono. To justify one suspected of wrong; to clear or acquit, as an accused person. See apono.

5. To avenge an injured person.

6. To ordain; to appoint.

7. To use, as money; to trade. NOTE.—Pono is frequently used impersonally and also as a helping verb before an infinitive, and signifies, it is right; it is proper; it ought; it may; it is worthy, &c. The form e pono ai or i pono ai is used very frequently; the word expressing the thing causing the favor or good or benefit, going before. O ka naauao ka mea e pono ai ke aupuni, knowledge is a thing to bless a kingdom.

adv., Is used in various senses.

1. As qualifying verbs, and signifies, well; rightly; truly; properly, &c.

2. It is used as an intensive of the preceding verb; as, haka pono, to look at earnestly; ku pono, to stand opposite to.

Used in various senses:

1. adv., In qualifying verbs it signifies, well; rightly; truly; properly, etc.

2. adv., As an intensive of the preceding verb; as: haka pono, to look at earnestly; ku pono, to stand opposite to.

1. v., To be good; to be right; to be just; to be morally upright.

2. v., To be blessed.

3. v., To be for the comfort or convenience of one.

4. v., To be well, that is, in bodily health.

5. v., To be avenged. (Pono is frequently used impersonally and also as an auxiliary verb before an infinitive, and signifies, it is right; it is proper; it ought; it may; it is worthy, etc. The form e pono ai or i pono ai is used very frequently; preceded by the word expressing the thing causing the favor or good or benefit: O ka naauao ka mea e pono ai ke aupuni: wisdom is a thing to bless a kingdom.)

adj., Sweet, as sugar; fat, as the fat of a well fed animal; sickish with fatness; momona, liliha.

1. adj., Sweet, as sugar.

2. adj., Fat, as the fat of a well-fed animal; overfat; sickeningly fat.

1. nvt., To take care of, tend, attend, care for, preserve, protect, beware, save, maintain; to keep or observe, as a taboo; to conduct, as a service; to serve, honor, as God; care, preservation, support, fidelity, loyalty; custodian, caretaker, keeper.

• Examples:
  • Mālama ʻana, custody.
  • Mālama pono ʻia, well cared for.
  • Mālama pono! Be careful! Watch out!
  • Mālama makua, one who cares for parents.
  • Mālama wahine, caring for one's wife.
  • Mālama i kou makua kāne, honor your father.
  • Mālama kauoha, obey orders.
  • Mālama Lā Kāpaki, keeping the Sabbath.
  • Ē kuʻu Akua, e mālama au iāʻoe ma ka noʻonoʻo, O my God, let me serve you in thought.
  • O ka hoʻolohe a me ka mālama pono i ke aupuni, obedience and fidelity due the government.
  • Ka mālama ʻole i kō haʻi ola, negligence of the lives of others.
• hoʻomālama
  • a. Caus/sim.
  • b. (Cap.) Star name.
• References:
  • Cf. makemake, mālama hale, mālama hele, mālama moku, mālama pūʻolo, pālama #1.

2. n., Pancreas.

3. (Cap.) n., Stroke in lua fighting.

1. n. Sovereignty, rule, independence.

• Examples:
  • Lā Hoʻihoʻi Ea, Restoration Day.
  • Hoʻihoʻi i ke ea o Hawaiʻi, restore the sovereignty of Hawaiʻi.

2. n. Life, air, breath, respiration, vapor, gas; fumes, as of tobacco; breeze, spirit (Isa. 42.5). This ea, as well as ea #1, ea #3, ea #4, is sometimes pronounced or sung ʻea.

• Examples:
  • Ua mau ke ea o ka ʻāina i ka pono (motto of Hawaiʻi), the life of the land is preserved in righteousness.
  • He palupalu lākou, he ea hele wale aku (Hal. 78.39), they were flesh, a wind that passes away.
  • Kāʻili ʻia aku ke ea o ʻAberahama (Kin. 25.8), Abraham gave up the ghost; literally, the breath of life was snatched away.
• Related:
  • Kaha ea, to deprive of rights of livelihood.
  • Wai ea, aerated waters.
  • Hoʻopuka ea, exhaust fumes.
• References:
  • Cf. eamāmā, eaolamāmā.

3. vi. To rise, go up, raise, become erect.

• Examples:
  • Kai ea (Kep. 183), rising sea.
  • Ua ea kona poʻo, his head was raised.
  • Ke ea ʻana o ka ʻai, ka iʻa (Kep. 97), the obtaining of poi, fish..
  • ʻAʻole hoʻi au e ea maluna o koʻu wahi moe (Hal. 132.3), I will not go up into my bed.
• References:
  • Cf. aea, eʻea, hōʻea.
  • PPN eʻa.

4. vi. To smell.

• Related:
  • Also: ʻea.
  • Ea ʻinoʻino, ea pilau, evil-smelling, rotten-smelling.
• References:
  • Cf. maea, māeaea.
  • Perhaps PEP ea.

1. n. Shadow.

• Examples:
  • Aka lehulehu, shadow of the multitude; fig., a well-worn path.
  • Ili i ke aka, to cast a shadow.
  • ʻŌlelo i ke aka ka hele hoʻokahi, one going alone talks to the shadow.
• Related:
  • hoʻoaka Caus/sim.; To cast a shadow.
• References:
  • Cf. hoaka #4.
  • PPN ʻata.

2. nvi. Reflection, image, likeness (Nah. 12.8); faint glimmer preceding the rising of the moon; essence of an offering rather than the flesh; to appear, of moonlight.

• Many words compounded with aka express clarity, brightness, related to this meaning.
• Examples:
  • ʻO ke aka kā ʻoukou, ē ke akua, ʻo ka ʻiʻo kā mākou, yours is the essence, O god, ours the material part.
• References:
  • Cf. hoaka #3.
  • PPN ata.

3. n. Embryo at the moment of conception.

4. n. Newly hatched fish in the stage in which its body is still transparent.

• References:
  • Cf. hāuli, mana, kākau.

5. n. Knuckles, as of hands or ankles; joints of the backbone; node and stalk of kava; kava slip for planting.

nvs., Full, complete, filled, loaded; full-blooded; completion, capacity, fullness; pregnant.

• Examples:
  • Piha loa, stuffed full.
  • Hoʻokaʻa piha, to pay in full.
  • Piha maikaʻi, well-filled, filled just right.
  • Hawaiʻi piha, pure Hawaiian.
  • Hoʻi mai nō ke kai i kona piha ʻana (Puk. 14.27), the sea returned to its wonted flow.
  • Iā lākou e piha ana ma Pāʻauhau (For. 5:411), while they crowded about at Pāʻauhau.
• Related:
  • hoʻopiha Caus/sim.; To fill, complete, pervade, stuff, eat one's fill, cram; to fill out, as a growing child; to breed, as of a female animal; to impregnate; to fill, as a tooth; to load, as a gun; to thread, as a needle.
    • Hoʻopiha ʻia i ka pulupulu, stuffed with cotton.
    • Moa hoʻopiha ʻia me ka laiki, chicken stuffed with rice.
• References:
  • Cf. piha makahiki, pihapiha, piha pono.

vs. Large, fat, plump, as of a well-fed dog.

• Rare

v., To be fat; to be plump; to be full, as a well-fed animal. Kin.41:2.

v., To be fat; to be plump; to be full, as a well-fed animal.

1. nvs. Slow, tardy, taking a long time; a long time. Ala liʻu ka lā o Wai-ʻanae, the Wai-ʻanae sun rises slowly. ʻAʻohe i liʻu iho kona hiki ʻana mai a hiki maila ʻoe, he hadn't been here long when you arrived.

2. vs. Well-salted, salty, seasoned.

3. vs. Deep, profound, as of skill or knowledge. Cf. kuliʻu, liliʻu, liʻua. Liʻu ka ʻike i ke kālai waʻa, he's skilled in canoe carving. Liʻu ka naʻauao i loko ona, wisdom within him is profound.

1. n. Various species of reef fishes of the genus Coris. The name hilu may be qualified by the terms ʻeleʻele, lauwili, melemele, moelola, pano (probably same as uli), pāniʻo, pilikoʻa (Paracirrhites forsteri), hawkfish), ʻula, uli. See saying, noʻenoʻe 2.

2. nvs. Quiet, reserved, well-behaved, decorous, unobtrusive, easygoing; such a person (a child born to a woman who craved hilu fish during her pregnancy was thought to be of this desirable type).

3. vs. Strange. Eia ka mea hilu loa, here is something unusual.

1. nvs., Wind, breeze; gas in the stomach, flatulent wind; windy; to blow.

• Figuratively, anger, gossip; to show anger.
• Examples:
  • Mai walaʻau aʻe hoʻi o makani auaneʻi (saying), don't talk too much or the wind will blow [gossip].
  • Hāmau o makani auaneʻi, be still or there will be anger.
  • Kali i ka makani ʻōahi, wait for the firebrand wind.
• Related:
  • Makani nui, strong wind, gale.
  • Makani ʻoluʻolu, fair wind.
• References:
  • Cf. ani.
  • PPN matangi.

2. n., Ghost, spirit.

• References:
  • See kahuna makani.

3. interjection, Call of sentinel, similar to “all's well”.

adj. Ready; prepared; prosperous; doing well.

1. Hot, as from the heat of the sun or fire.

2. Well cooked; soft.

1. vi. To turn aside, digress, deviate, pass by, decline, bend down. Cf. auinalā. Nā ʻaui ʻana, variations, deviations. hō.ʻaui Caus/sim. Ke hōʻaui maila ka lā, the sun is beginning to descend to the west.

2. nvi. To swell and roll, as the sea; to pitch; billow, roller. ʻAui ʻale, large swell, billow.

3. nvi. Declension, case; to name declensions or conjugations (term devised by Andrews based on Latin declinare, to turn aside); never used extensively and not entered in Hitchcock's 1887 English-Hawaiian Dictionary. hō.ʻaui To conjugate, decline. Ka hōʻaui ʻana, declension, conjugation.

4. nvi. A hula step: the dancer turns to the side and points out one foot once or several times, drawing the foot well back between each pointing; at the same time the body is tipped, with a lowered hand pointing to the outpointing toes, and the other hand raised in the opposite direction; to dance thus. Cf. ue.

1. Young, fresh and smooth, as an unmarried woman who is much desired; hence applied to a young and beautiful woman.

2. Applied to a canoe, new; smooth; without knots, etc.: he waa kaekae.

3. Soft; mellow; pleasant to the taste as a well cooked potato.

1. Reduplication of mōhā #1.

• Examples:
  • Mōhāhā kāna kalo, his taros are well filled out.
  • E ulu ana me ka mōhāhā o kona mau lālā i nā lau uliuli, growing with branches spreading wide with green leaves.

2. Reduplication of mohā, bright.

To be fleshy, well filled out.

v., Relaxed, at ease, without worry, carefree.

• Examples:
  • Moe lōliʻi, to lie at ease.
  • Ua noho ʻo Maleka ā lōliʻi (song), America is well prepared.

1. nvs., Awkward, clumsy, unskilled, inexpert, incompetent, unprepared, inefficient, inexperienced; lack of skill; to not know well.

• Examples:
  • ʻIke hemahema, to know imperfectly.
• Related:
  • hoʻohemahema Caus/sim.; To neglect, not care for; careless, negligent, defective, deficient, ignorant (Roma 1.31).
    • Nui kona hoʻohemahema i ke aʻo a nā kūpuna, he was most neglectful of the teachings of the grandparents.
    • Ke kā waiho hoʻohemahema, a bailer left unnoticed [a skilled person whose services are not used].
• References:
  • PPN semasema.

2. nvs., Want, need, necessity; lacking, destitute (Oihk. 22.23), needy.

• Examples:
  • Ua hemo nā hemahema, the needs are met.

1. vs., Wet, moist, soaked, saturated.

• Examples:
  • Pulu au i ka huna kai, I am soaked by spray.
• Related:
  • hoʻopulu Caus/sim.; To wet, soak, moisten, saturate.
    • Nā paipu hoʻopulu pāka, park sprinkler system.
• References:
  • PCP pulu.

2. n., A soft, glossy, yellow wool on the base of tree-fern leaf stalks (Cibotium spp. 🌐). It was used to stuff mattresses and pillows and at one time was exported to California. Hawaiians stuffed bodies of their dead with pulu after removing vital organs.

3. nvt., Any greenery or underbrush cut to be used as mulch, as well as the mulch itself; coconut husk, coconut fiber, raw cotton, tapa pulp; cushion; fine linen; tinder, kindling; soft, padded; to kindle, as fire (preceded by ke).

• Examples:
  • Pau pulu, ʻaʻole lau kanu (saying), mulch is gone, no [taro] leaves to plant [all is destroyed].
• Related:
  • Kapa pulu, quilt.
  • hoʻopulu Caus/sim.; To mulch, fertilize with compost.
• References:
  • See ex., ʻē #1.
  • PPN pulu.

4. n., Low branch, as of certain trees such as ʻohai, koa, ʻōhiʻa.

5. n., Bull.

• Source:
  • English.
• Examples:
  • Keoni Pulu, John Bull.
  • Ua holo ʻo Hanalē, komo mai ʻo Keoni Pulu, Henry has run off, John Bull has come in [said when one is full: hungry (which sounds like “Henry”) has gone, and John Bull (which sounds like “full”) has come].
• Related:
  • Also: bulu.

6. nvt., nvs., To fool; fooled; fool.

• Source:
  • English.
• Related:
  • hoʻopulu Caus/sim.; To act the fool.
• References:
  • Cf. kamipulu.

v. See MIKILI. To open, as the mind; to be conscious of some internal feeling or desire.

2. Hoo. To open the mind to receive as well as understand important truths; e hoomakili ae kakou ika maka o ko kakou naau.

vs. Rounded and well shaped, as a lehua flower. Lehua maka kōnunu i ka wai, kōnunu, kōnunu, ōhaha, lehua face rounded in the water, rounded, rounded, plump.

adj., Au and kahi, to cut smooth.

1. Smooth, without knots or protuberances, as a canoe; he waa aukahi, aole lala, aole opuupuu, a canoe, smooth, no knots, no protuberances.

2. Level and straight, as a floor; smooth and straight throughout; hookahi ano o ka au o ka laau.

3. Straight and smooth, as a looking-glass.

4. Applied also to a well composed speech; correct; eloquent.

1. vs., Full of food, as a calabash (but not as full as pihaʻū).

• Examples:
  • ʻUmeke ka ʻeo, a full calabash [a well-filled mind].

2. vt., To agree.

• Examples:
  • Ua ʻeo like lāua e hele, they agreed to go.

1. nvt., To see, know, feel, greet, recognize, perceive, experience, be aware, understand; to know sexually (For. 4:275); to receive revelations from the gods; knowledge, awareness, understanding, recognition, comprehension and hence learning; sense, as of hearing or sight; sensory, perceptive, vision.

• Examples:
  • ʻIke nui ʻia, well known, famous.
  • ʻIke ʻē, foresee.
  • ʻIke mamao, far-sighted.
  • ʻIke pōkole, near-sighted.
  • ʻIke wale ʻia, easily seen, conspicuous.
  • Aniani hoʻonui ʻike, magnifying glass, telescope, microscope.
  • Hāiki ka ʻike, narrow-minded, ʻIke aku, ʻike mai, to recognize one another.
  • Ē Leo, e hele mai e ʻike i kō hoahānau, Leo, come and greet your cousin.
  • Pau ka ʻike, to lose consciousness.
  • ʻIke hoʻomaopopo, conscious, consciousness.
  • Ua hele au e ʻike i kuʻu hoaloha; ua pau ka ʻike, pau ka lohe, I went to see my friend, he was in a coma, neither seeing or hearing.
  • He ʻike kumu, he ʻike lau, he ʻike lono, he ʻike pū ʻawa hiwa; Ka ʻike ia āu ē ke akua (hula prayer), a knowledge basic, a knowledge flowering, a knowledge heard, a knowledge from kava offerings; this is the knowledge from you, O god.
• hōʻike Caus/sim.
  • a. To show, make known, display, tell, exhibit, reveal, indicate, inform, report, notify, explain, testify, cause to know or seen, discover, announce, allege; acquaint; testimony, notice, information; identifying characteristics, as of land claims; proof, token guide, exhibition. Hōʻike maopopo aku, to demonstrate clearly. Hōʻike ʻōlelo, grammar. Haʻawina hōʻike, examination, test. Hōʻike ā maka, hōʻike ākea, to reveal openly and clearly. Hōʻike ʻana, show, exhibition, (cap.) Revelation (Biblical). Hōʻike ʻano, description, example, illustration; to tell the nature of, describe. Hōʻike honua, geography. Hōʻike hoʻopōkole, shortened review, synopsis, sketch, summary, outline, resumé. Hōʻike manawa, chronology. Hōʻike panakō, bank statement or report. Palapala hōʻike, affidavit, report.
  • b. Witness, as in court. Hōʻike hoʻopunipuni, hōike wahaheʻe, false witness; to lie, commit perjury. Hōʻike paʻa, witness, one who confirms. Hōʻike pākuʻi, rebuttal.
  • c. School commencement; to hold commencement.
  • d. Congregational convention of various Sunday Schools with singing and recitation. Nā hōʻike makahiki, the annual conventions. PPN kite.
• References:
  • Cf. anaina ʻike aliʻi, ʻike loa.

2. interjection of scorn in the phrase: I ka ʻike! What does [he, she] know!

vs. vt. Clear, bright, cloudless; neat, tidy, well dressed in one's best; to honor; set, as a ship's sails (often preceded by hao ā).

• Examples:
  • Hōʻike ka nani o ka wahine, a i kō lā nui hao ā paʻihi (name song for Ka-piʻo-lani), the beauty of the woman shows, and on your important day dress in your best.
  • Kūlana hanohano i paʻihi ʻia aku maluna ona, an honor conferreed upon him.
• References:
  • PCP paki(f,s)i.

vs. Ugly, unsightly, unseemly, unattractive, homely, wicked (frequently pūpuka for emphasis; if said with a friendly or admiring intonation among friends, it meant the opposite, i.e., beautiful, attractive; this was due to reluctance to express admiration for fear a sorcerer would in jealousy bewitch the admired person; it is also said in answer to the question pehea ʻoe, how are you, with meaning that one is improving but hesitates to say he is well for fear of bad luck).

• Examples:
  • ʻO ka mea e hāʻiliʻili aku i kona hoahānau, e, pupuka! e lilo ia i mea no ka ʻaha hoʻokolokolo (Mat. 5.22), the one who reviles his cousin, you fool! shall be liable to judgment.
  • He kanaka uʻi, akā he pupuka nā hana, a handsome person, but wicked in deeds.
• Related:
  • Pupuka pepeʻekue, grotesque.
  • Pupuka ʻino, pupuka haʻalele loa, extremely ugly, hideous.
  • hoʻopupuka Caus/sim.; To make ugly, disfigure, deform.
• References:
  • PCP puputa .

adj., Thin in flesh; poor; hollow; applied to the cheeks, not well rounded or filled out.

s. Puna and wai, water. A spring of water; a well; a fountain. Kin. 7:11.

[Puna, spring, and wai, water.] A spring of water; a well; a fountain.

v., To cause: Aole hoi he makani o keia lua wai e kuleana ai la hoi ka aleale ana o ka wa; there is no wind in this well to cause the waters to ripple. Laieik. p. 15.