Wehewehe Wikiwiki Hawaiian language dictionaries

1. n., The flower of the ʻōhiʻa tree (Metrosideros macropus 🌐, Metrosideros collina 🌐 subsp. Metrosideros polymorpha 🌐); also the tree itself. The lehua is the flower of the island of Hawaiʻi, as designated in 1923 by the Territorial legislature; it is famous in song and tale. Figuratively, a warrior, beloved friend or relative, sweetheart, expert (see lehua #9). The plant has many forms, from tall trees to low shrubs, leaves round to narrow and blunt or pointed and smooth or woolly. The flowers are red, rarely salmon, pink, yellow, or white. The wood is hard, good for flooring and furniture, formerly used for images, spears, mallets. It grows abundantly in wet areas (see ex., ʻūpolu). It was believed that picking lehua blossoms would cause rain.

• Related:
  • For rain and wind names associated with lehua see Kanilehua, Kinailehua. Kinimakalehua, Kiu Wai Lehua, Līlīlehua, Mounianilehua, Moelehua.
• References:
  • See nāpolupolu, pōkiʻi #1, ʻūpolu.
  • Neal 637-8.
  • See also lū lehua, Moaʻe Lehua, ʻōiwi #2 (chant).
  • Cf. Marquesan heʻua (Lavondès, 1975, pp. 193–4.)

2. vs., Laden, as a lehua tree with beautiful blossoms.

• Examples:
  • Ke hele lā ka papa ʻaina a ua aliʻi nei ā lehua, the feast table of this aforementioned chief was beautifully supplied.

3. n., Rainbow-colored mother-of-pearl shell used for fishing lure.

4. n., A variety of taro, used for red poi.

• Related:
  • Cultivars may be qualified by the terms keʻokeʻo (white) or maoli (native).
• References:
  • TC 4.

5. n., Globe amaranth (Gomphrena globosa 🌐).

• Also: lehua mau loa, lehua pepa, leihua.

6. n., A variety of yam; the stem has red wings and the tuber has light pinkish flesh.

• References:
  • HP 168.

7. (Cap.) n., Name of the small island just west of Niʻihau. As the westernmost of the Hawaiian Islands (except for the Northwest Hawaiian Islands), Lehua is associated with a setting sun (see chant, kalakalaʻihi). In poetry, the extent of the Hawaiian Islands is shown by coupling Lehua Island and Haʻehaʻe and Kumukahi on East Hawaiʻi (see welo #2, welona). A breeze is named for this island.

8. Pas/imp. of lehu #1.

9. n., Expert, as in fishing.

• Related:
  • hoʻolehua Caus/sim.; Swift, expert, strong.

kikino, Group of islands, archipelago.

• Source:
  • Existing dictionary word
• Examples:
  • Ka pae moku ʻo Kalolaina. Caroline Isles. Also: ka pae moku ʻo Karolina.
  • Ka pae moku ʻo Kenele. Canary Isles.
  • Ka pae moku ʻo Mākala. Marshall Islands. Also: Mākala, Mākala ʻAilana.
  • Ka pae moku ʻo Fakalana. Falkland Islands, Falklands.
• Related:
  • Also: pae ʻāina.
• References:
  • See pae moku hoaka, pae ʻāina.

1. n., A species of fish (Xiphias gladius) haying the bones of the upper jaw consolidated to form an elongated sword-like process; a sword-fish.

2. n., A volcanic lava, spongy or cellular from bubbles of steam or gas which it contained during liquidity, used as a polishing-material; a pumice stone. Its porosity renders it so exceedingly light that when dry it floats readily on the surface of water, sinking only when thoroughly saturated. Owing to this property it is found very widely diffused over the ocean bed and is obtained in regions of active volcanoes, such as the Hawaiian islands, the Lipari Islands, etc.

s., The name of the first man upon the Hawaiian Islands according to some genealogies; ua hou ia mai, ma ka mookuauhau i kapaia Ololo, he kane ia kanaka mua loa, o Kahiko kona inoa, it is said again, in the genealogy called Ololo, that the very first inhabitant was a male, whose name was Kahiko. The question here discussed is whether the first person on the Islands was a man or woman. D. Malo, chap. 3,4.

1. n., The name of the first man upon the Hawaiian islands according to some genealogies: ua i hou ia mai, ma ka mookuauhau i kapaia Ololo, he kane ia kanaka mua loa, o Kahiko kona inoa, it is said again, in the genealogy called Ololo, that the very first inhabitant was a man whose name was Kahiko. The question here discussed is whether the first person on the islands was a man or woman. (D. Malo, chapters 3 and 4.)

2. n., An elderly person; an old man; elua mau mea kahiko, e kipakuia'na, e hele pela, two old men, they were being driven away. Syn: poohina.

s., A name of the south-west wind; also, the south wind.

2. Pleasant or good weather; also, the name of the rain accompanying a south wind; he ua kona, he ua nui loa ia. See names of various species of Konas, as Konahea, Konalani, &c.

3. Name of a division of an island belonging to several islands, as Hawaiʻi, Oʻahu, Kauaʻi and Molokaʻi, mostly on the west or south-west sides of the islands.

kikino Group of islands, archipelago. Dic. Also pae moku. See pae moku. Ka pae ʻāina ʻo ʻAleuta. Aleutian Islands.

n., Group of islands, archipelago. Literally, cluster of islands.

iʻoa Mariana. Eng. Ka pae moku ʻo Mariana. Mariana Islands. Ka pae moku ʻo Mariana ʻĀkau. Northern Mariana Islands.

s. Eng. The Hawaiian pronunciation for musquito or musketo. A stinging fly; mai noho hoi a aki wale aku e like me na makika nahu kolohe. NOTE.— Musketoes were first brought to the islands in 1823. A ship lying in the roads at Lahaina, on being cleared of vermin by smoke, a light breeze brought some musketoes ashore. They are now numerous and troublesome on the leeward sides of all the islands.

1. n., [Eng.] A mosquito; a stinging fly; mai noho hoi a aki wale aku e like me na makika nahu kolohe. (Mosquitoes were first brought to the islands in 1823. A ship lying in the roads at Lahaina was being cleared of vermin by smoke, and a light breeze brought some mosquitoes ashore. They are now numerous and troublesome on the leeward sides of all the islands.)

2. n., A plant disease which attacks the sweet potato.

iʻoa, Society, as in Society Islands.

• Source:
  • Shortened tōtaiete (Tahitian).
• Examples:
  • Ka pae moku ʻo Taiete. Society Islands.

A group of islands, such as the Hawaiian islands (DM) (PE).

Hawaiian thrush (Phaeornis obscura obscura). Several species of this bird were known throughout the islands by the common name ʻāmaui, but were also known by a second Hawaiian name on individual islands. Only Oʻahu was limited to the name ʻāmaui. The bird was noted for its fine singing. Some ʻāmaui still live on Hawaiʻi island, but it is extinct or on the endangered list elsewhere.

Dark-rumped petrel (Pterodroma phaeopygia sandwichen- sis), endemic to the main islands of Hawaiʻi. Mongooses have joined pigs and hogs in wiping out this bird on several islands. Native Hawaiians also eliminated their share, killing the bird for food. The meat of the young was reserved for the chiefs and was kapu to commoners. The petrel is almost extinct. Also called ʻuwaʻu, waʻu.

s. Eng. a musketoe, a stinging fly. Note, these were first brought to the islands in 1823. A ship Tying in the roads at Lahaina, on being cleared of the vermin by smoke, a light wind blew them ashore. They are now numerous and troublesome on the leeward side of all the islands.

s., Name of a ship formerly at the islands; no ka naaupo, ua kapaia aku e makou ka moku he anuu. Lam. Haw. 11:4, 3.

s., Name of a sea breeze at Lahaina and some other places on the islands.

1. n., The kava (Piper methysticum 🌐), a shrub 1.2 to 3.5 meters tall with green jointed stems and heart-shaped leaves, native to Pacific islands, the root being the source of a narcotic drink of the same name used in ceremonies (Neal 291), prepared formerly by chewing, later by pounding. The comminuted particles were mixed with water and strained. When drunk to excess it caused drowsiness and, rarely, scaliness of the skin and bloodshot eyes. Kava was also used medicinally.

• Examples:
  • Kupu ʻawa (FS 57), to perform ceremony of offering kava to the gods [an unusual reference, as kava was not taken ceremonially, as in Samoa].
  • ʻAwa kau lāʻau, the tree-resting kava, growing in tree crotches and famous in poetry concerning Puna, Hawaiʻi.
• References:
  • PPN kawa.

2. vs., Sour, bitter, poisonous.

• Examples:
  • ʻAwa ka ʻupena, the net is sour [of a net into which fish will not enter].
  • ʻAwa ke au, how bitter the gall [a sour disposition].
• Related:
  • hōʻawa Caus/sim.; To make bitter to make a concoction of leaves or bark to extract dye colors.
• References:
  • PPN kakawa, PCP kawa.

3. n., Cold mountain rain, fog, mist; to rain or mist. Figuratively, tragic misfortune or ordeal; in PH this word is preceded by ke and may refer to volcanic eruption: Uwē au, puni ʻā i ke ʻawa (PH 193), I weep, surrounded by lava in the downpour.

• Examples:
  • ʻO ka uahi noe lehua, ʻo ke ʻawa nui i ka mauna (PH 205), the lehua mist smoke, the great outburst on the mountain.

4. n., A premature infant, believed caused by a “sour” condition of the mother.

5. n., A kind of bitter seaweed.

1. n., The breadfruit tree (Artocarpus incisa) and its fruit. The fruit is good for food, the timber for building, for canoes, etc. It has accompanied the Poly nesians in all climates which allow the tree to live. The ulu or breadfruit has only one variety in the Hawaiian Islands, but more than 24 varieties in the South Seas. The milky sap of the tree is used by the Hawaiians for bird lime, and is chewed by the boys and girls in Samoa.

2. n., A round smooth stone used in a game called maika (bowling). Also called olohu and ulumaika.

3. n., The stick used in spreading the hot stones of the imu, oven, on which food is cooked.

A sign of the plural number; as, keia pae aina or keia pae moku, these islands. Gram. § 86 and 92.

s., A territory; district of country; generally compounded with other qualifying words; as, auakua, a desert, a place of gods, ghosts, &c. See auakua. Aukanaka, an inhabited country; aupuni, a large region, &c. NOTE.—Au is the term representing all places where food grows; as kaha represents such places as are on or near the shore where food does not grow. This applies mostly to the leeward side of the islands.

1. nvs., Coral, coral head.

• Examples:
  • Ke koʻa mokumoku o Heʻeia, the broken coral beds of Heʻeia [an expression used in songs and chants referring to Heʻeia, Oʻahu].
• Related:
  • Also: ʻākoʻakoʻa.
• References:
  • PPN toka .

2. n., Fishing grounds, usually identified by lining up with marks on shore.

3. n., Shrine, often consisting of circular piles of coral or stone, built along the shore or by ponds or streams, used in ceremonies as to make fish multiply; also built on bird islands, and used in ceremonies to make birds multiply.

To suffer gas pains.

• Examples:
  • Hoʻonākū nā mauna, kaʻahē nā mokupuni (birth chant for Kamamalu), the mountains are in distress, the islands gasp for breath.

1. nvt. Covering, cover, veil, film, lid, solid tattooing, tent (Puk 26.12); to cover, spread over, engulf, conceal, overwhelm; to don, as a feather cloak. Figuratively, to deceive, hide the truth.

• Examples:
  • Kākau uhi, to tattoo solidly.
  • Uhi mai ka lani pō, the night sky spreads forth [ignorance].
  • Ua uhi ʻia kō lāua mau manaʻo i ke aloha (For. 4:67), their thoughts were overwhelmed with love.
  • Uhi i ka moe, to make a bed.
• Related:
  • hoʻouhi Caus/sim.
• References:
  • PPN ʻufi.

2. n. Large, bluish-brown birthmark.

3. n. The yam (Dioscorea alata), from southeast Asia, a climber with square stems, heart-shaped leaves, and large, edible, underground tubers. The plant is widely distributed through islands of the Pacific, where it is commonly grown for food. In the past botanists have applied the name uhi incorrectly to the hoi kuahiwi.

• Related:
  • Also: pālau, ulehihi.
  • See entries tagged uhi.
• References:
  • HP 166–172, Neal 230.
  • PPN ʻufi.

4. n. Mother-of-pearl bivalve, mother-of-pearl shank.

• References:
  • PPN ʻufi.

5. n. Turtle shell piece used for scraping olonā.

6. n. Mark made by the gall of raw pūpū ʻawa (a shellfish) on tapa or on the skin as an ornament.

• References:
  • PCP u(f,s)i.

s. A blossom; a flower; a carving in imitation of a flower. Puk. 25:31.

2. The upper part of the sugar-cane when it blossoms, as pua ko, and which was used for arrows, and in modern times by children in play, as hoolei pua; hence,

3. The name of a play or game.

4. An arrow for shooting in connection with the kakaka or bow.

5. A bundle of sticks; a sheaf of grain or grass. Kin. 37:7.

6. Posterity; descendants. Laieik. 181. Children; a household. Puk. 19:3.

7. A flock; a herd, as of cattle or goats; he pua kao; he pua hipa; he pua bipi; a school of fish; he pua anae.

8. A species of small fish; he pua amaama.

9. The name of a tree found at Kapua on Hawaii and other islands; the wood is very hard.

10. The name applied to a deranged person.

11. A kind of deity supposed to reside in some person who was called Kahupua and who had power to send Pua to do injury to others. He akuapua was applied to some kinds of sickness inducing delirium, a sickness supposed to be sent by some individual in anger.

12. The name of a goddess, the sister of Kalaipahoa. She came with him and Kapo from a foreign country, and they entered certain trees.

13. The name of the kind of hook used in taking turtles or the ea.

1. n., Name of one of the Hawaiian islands.

• References:
  • Cf. Māui, the demigod.

2. (Not cap.) n., A variety of sweet potato.

s. Name of one of the Hawaiian Islands.

Name of one of the Hawaiian islands.

v., To be in an undisturbed state; to be in a state of peace and quietness, as a kingdom.

2. To exist or be known as a kingdom; ua aupuni keia pae aina, these islands are at peace.

3. To become a kingdom. Ezek. 16:13.

1. To exist or be known as a kingdom: ua aupuni keia pae aina, these islands are at peace.

2. To become a kingdom or republic.

n., Hawaiian duck (Anas wyvilliana 🌐).

• Formerly on all main islands except Lānaʻi and Kahoʻolawe; in 1976 common only on Kauaʻi; birds raised in capitivity and released have been seen on Oʻahu and Hawaiʻi; considered endangered in 1978.
• Koloa birds protected a legendary blind giant, Imaikalani, and quacked to warn him from which side he might expect an attack (FS 169).
• Related:
  • Also: koloa maoli, native koloa, to distinguish it from migratory or introduced ducks, also called koloa.
• References:
  • PPN toloa.

1. n. Head, summit, head or director of an organization, executive, principal; end, as of a rope, leaf, pole, cane, kōnane board; head of a penis or boil; headline, heading, title; father (see poʻo lua, poʻo ʻole); hair in such expressions as poʻo hina, poʻo kea (preceded by ke). See saying, pau #1. Poʻo maiʻa, upper part of a banana stalk. Ke poʻo o nā moku, the head of the islands [Hawaiʻi]. Nā poʻo ʻoihana, executive departments. ʻAʻohe mea nāna e paʻi i ke poʻo, no one can slap his head [he has no superior, especially in knowledge]. Moe poʻo ā hiʻu, to lie from head to tail [in trouble]. hoʻo.poʻo To appoint a head or leader; to go ahead; to be brave. Lele hoʻopoʻo aʻela ka ua (For. 6:240), the rain falls headlong. (PEP ʻupoko.)

2. n. A whole note (music). Cf. poʻoʻele, poʻolima, poʻomana, poʻomanakolu, poʻomanalua.

3. nvt. Depression, cavity; to dip, scoop, hollow out, dub, erode, dig; to splash, as water by scooping the base of the palm; to make a squeaky sound by placing one hand against the armpit of the opposite arm, and pressing that arm against the hand; to make a noise by snapping the lips with the fingers. Cf. kapoʻo, napoʻo. hoʻo.poʻo To dig, dub out. (PPN poko.)

v., To give a dying charge; to make a bequest or a parting charge. Isa. 38:1. Hence, to make a will. NOTE.—Ancient wills, of course, were verbal; now, by law, they must be written.

2. To give a charge on any subject; to command; to put in charge or trust, as one dying or going away; kauoha ae la oia (o Kamehameha) ia Kauikeaouli e noho is alii no Hawaiʻi nei, he (Kamehameha) gave in charge to Kauikeaouli to reign as king over the Hawaiian Islands.

3. To commit into the hands of another. 1 Pet. 4:19.

4. To give orders concerning a person or thing. Kin. 12:20.

5. To commit to paper, i.e., to write down; no laila, ke kauoha aku nei au i koʻu manaʻo ma kēia palapala, i ʻike ʻoe i koʻu manaʻo.

1. To give a dying charge; to make a bequest or a parting charge; hence, to make a will. (Ancient wills, of course, were verbal.)

2. To give a charge on any subject; to command; to put in charge, as one dying or going away: kauoha ae la oia (o Kamehameha) ia Kauikeaouli e noho i alii no Hawaii nei; he (Kamehameha) gave in charge to Kauikeaouli to reign as king over the Hawaiian islands.

3. To commit into the hands of another.

4. To give orders concerning a person or thing.

5. To write down; nolaila, ke kauoha aku nei au i ko'u manao ma keia palapala, i ike oe i ko'u manao.

s. Name of a great pestilence which swept over the islands while Kamehameha I. was living on Oahu about 1807. Great multitudes were swept off. The name okuu was given to it because the people okuu, wale aku no i ka uhane, i. e., dismissed freely their souls and died. See Kuu, to let go.

[Kuu, to let go; okuu, to sit up.] A pestilence which swept over the islands while Kamehameha I. was living on Oahu about 1807. Multitudes perished. Okuu wale aku no i ka uhane; the people dismissed freely their souls and died.

OKU 483 OLA

Two species of coral reef fishes (Anampses cuvier and Julis eydouxii). Common. Among the most brilliantly marked of the many bright colored fishes seen among the Hawaiian islands.

n., Name of the most populous of the Hawaiian Islands and the seat of Honolulu. The name has no meaning (see Pukui, Elbert, and Mookini; 1975, 262).

• References:
  • See saying kau poʻohiwi, and epithets, Oʻahu (English-Hawaiian).

n., Name of one of the Hawaiian islands. (The word evidently refers to Ouahou. a tract in Borneo; and to Ouadju. a state in Central Celebes, whose inhabitants are kindred to the Pacific Polynesians. Pol. Race. Fornander. Vol. 1, chap. 8.)

s. Name of a species of fish, smooth, round; the bonito; the name of one of the two fish that accompanied Pili in his voyage to these islands; aku helped paddle (haluku) the canoe, and opelu calmed the winds when too strong. D. Malo 4:13. See OPELU.

1. A vine with green odoriferous leaves, of which wreaths are made; (Alyxia olivaeformis). Found in all the islands of the group in the woods of the low and middle regions.

2. The rod used in playing puhenehene and other games. (Laieik. p. 114.) Also called mailepuhenehene.

3. The bow or piece securing an ox's neck to the yoke.

MAI 399 MAK

adj. pron., For neia or keia, this. No ka la auhau a ke alii nona nei noho ana ma Hawaii huipuia nei, for the tax day of the chief who sits now (as king) over these united Hawaiian (Islands.) E like me nei hana a ke kula nui, like this exercise of the high school.

A spotted fish (Anampses cuvier), common about the coral reefs. Also called hilu. One of the most brilliantly marked of the many bright colored fishes seen among the Hawaiian islands.

1. n., Bladelike, branched, brown seaweeds (Dictyopteris plagiogramma and D. australis) with conspicuous midrib on blade, unique aroma and flavor; highly prized on all islands.

2. n., Same as līpoa kuahiwi.

s., The wife of Akea or Wakea, the fabled mother of the Islands and of men on them. See Opapa. Na Papa ka haku akea o Lono.

1. n., A word applied in general to any flat surface.

2. n., A rank, class, order, sect or group.

3. n., The fabled mother of the islands and of their first inhabitants. She was the wife of Akea or Wakea.

4. n., A certain class of Kamehameha's laws; prohibitory laws.

n.

1. The tropic or boatswain bird, particularly the white-tailed tropic bird (Phaethon lepturus dorotheae), which inhabits cliffs of the high islands. The red-tailed tropic bird (P. rubricauda rothschildi) is koaʻe ʻula; the white is koaʻe kea. Ka pali lele koaʻe, cliff [where] tropic birds fly. (PPN tawake.)

2. A variety of banana. (Neal 249.) Also aʻeaʻe and manini.

3. A taro; varieties are qualified by the colors ʻeleʻele, keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula.

4. A snapper, probably Etelis carbunculus, an important commercial fish also known as onaga (Japanese).

5. A variety of sweet potato.

s. A bower; a shed; a piazza; a porch. Ezek. 40:7. A booth. Iona 4:5.

2. Name of one of the Hawaiian Islands west of Maui.

3. A pain or swelling on the back; a humpbacked person. See NANAI. NOTE.—The hump gives name to the island.

1. n., Myrtle.

• Source:
  • English.

2. n., Marshal.

• Source:
  • English.

(Cap.) n., Marshall (Islands).

• Source:
  • English

iʻoa, Marshall Islands; Marshallese.

• Source:
  • Existing dictionary word
• Related:
  • Also: Mākala ʻAilana, ka pae moku ʻo Mākala.

s. Sticky mud; adhesive dirt; hard mud; a whitish clay of the Islands; clay mortar. Puk. 1:14.

1. Sticky mud; adhesive earth; hard mud; a whitish clay of the islands; clay mortar.

2. A lie; a deception; false information.

1. nvt., Family or personal gods, deified ancestors who might assume the shape of sharks (all islands except Kauaʻi), owls (as at Mānoa, Oʻahu and Kaʻū and Puna, Hawaiʻi), hawks (Hawaiʻi), ʻelepaio, ʻiwi, mudhens, octopuses, eels, mice, rats, dogs, caterpillars, rocks, cowries, clouds, or plants. A symbiotic relationship existed; mortals did not harm or eat ʻaumākua (they fed sharks), and ʻaumākua warned and reprimanded mortals in dreams, visions, and calls. (Beckwith, 1970, pp. 124–43, 559; Nānā 38.) Figuratively, a trustworthy person. Probably literally, ʻau #4, group, + makua, parent.

• Related:
  • hōʻaumakua Caus/sim.; To acquire or contact ʻaumākua.
• References:
  • See pulapula #2.

2. vt., To offer grace to ʻaumākua before eating; to bless in the name of ʻaumākua.

• Examples:
  • ʻAuhea ʻoe, ē ke kanaka o ke akua, eia kā kāua wahi ʻai, ua loaʻa maila mai ka pō mai ka pō mai; no laila nāu e ʻaumakua mai i ka ʻai a kāua (prayer), hearken, O man who serves the god, here is food for you [literally,., our food], received from the night, so bless our food in the name of the ʻaumakua.

3. vt., To ask someone to hula; the request was not refused without giving the caller a lei or flower.

• Examples:
  • ʻAumakua iā Kamuela, Samuel must dance!

n., A Hawaiian honey creeper (Himatione sanguinea), with crimson body and black wings and tail, found on all the main Hawaiian Islands. Its feathers occasionally were used for featherwork.

• Related:
  • Also: ʻakakane.

1. nvs., Sea, sea water; area near the sea, seaside, lowlands; tide, current in the sea; insipid, brackish, tasteless.

• Examples:
  • I kai, towards the sea.
  • O kai, of the lowland, of the sea, seaward.
  • Nā kānaka o kai, shore dwellers.
  • Nā kai ʻewalu, the eight seas [a poetic expression for the channels dividing the eight inhabited islands].
  • Kai lalo, lower sea, i.e., western sea, where the sun sets.
  • Ka mokupuni kai lalo, ʻo Kauaʻi, Kauiʻi, the island of the western sea.
  • Kō a kai, people from the shore district.
• Related:
  • Makai, on the seaside, toward the sea, in the direction of the sea.
• References:
  • PPN tahi , PNP tai .

2. n., Gravy, sauce, dressing, soup, broth.

3. Interjection, similar to keu. My, how much! How very! How terrific! Kai ka nani! How beautiful! Kai ke kolohe! Oh, how mischievous.

• References:
  • Cf. kainō.

The fifth in relative size of the Hawaiian islands.

｜ No base definition, only supplemental content.

• Related:
  • Wā hoʻomalu. Probation, in law.
  • Luna wā hoʻomalu. Probation officer.
  • ʻĀina Hoʻomalu Holoholona Lōhiu o Hawaiʻi. Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge.
  • ʻAha Hoʻomalu Lawaiʻa o ka Pākīpika Komohana. Western Pacific Fishery Management Council.
  • ʻŌnaehana Hoʻomalu ʻĀina Kūlohelohe. Natural Areas Reserves System (NARS).
• References:
  • See ʻāina hoʻomalu.